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In night two of the Democratic debate, candidates bore down into issues, and each other. Kamala Harris went after Joe Biden for his past on busing.
USA TODAY

The first Democratic debate has reshaped the presidential field in Iowa, surging support for California Sen. Kamala Harris, undercutting the standing of Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders, and raising questions about the solidity of former vice president Joe Biden’s frontrunner status.

In a new Suffolk University/USA TODAY Poll, Biden continues to lead the field, backed by 24% of those who say they are likely to attend the Democratic caucuses in Iowa that open the presidential contests next year. But Harris has jumped to second place, at 16%, leapfrogging over Sanders, whose support sagged to single digits. At 9%, he finished fourth, behind Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren at 13%.

The new standings are hardly set in stone. Twenty-one percent are undecided. Six of 10 who have decided say they might change their mind before the caucuses. Just one in four say their minds are firmly made up. The second set of debates, scheduled for the end of the month in Detroit, could upend the horserace again.

Let’s do it again: When is the next Democratic debate?: July 30 and 31 in Detroit

That said, the new survey has some sobering findings for Biden, a familiar figure in the state. His level of support didn’t change from the Des Moines Register/Mediacom/CNN Iowa Poll taken last month. But among those who watched him debate, more than four in 10 said he did worse than they expected. And among all of those surveyed, he was the second choice of just 11%, behind three of his rivals.

Harris, in contrast, saw her support more than double compared to the June poll, to 16% from 7%. She was also the second choice of 17% — a telling measure of the potential breadth of a candidate’s support. When first and second choices were combined, Biden only narrowly edged Harris, 35% to 33%.

The poll of 500 likely Democratic caucus-goers in Iowa, taken Friday through Monday, has a margin of error of plus or minus 4.4 percentage points. The opening back-to-back debates, featuring 10 contenders each night, were held last Wednesday and Thursday in Miami.

“To win in Iowa, you have to be able to woo the supporters of other candidates who drop out or that don’t reach the 15% threshold at the caucus,” said David Paleologos, director of Suffolk University’s Political Research Center. “The poll tells us that candidates like Harris, Warren, and (Pete) Buttigieg poll better than Biden and Sanders in this regard, and that sets the stage for a new face exceeding expectations in Iowa.”

Analysis: Biden’s image as the inevitable nominee, the one to beat Trump, was dinged

For Sanders, who lost the 2016 Iowa caucuses to Hillary Clinton by less than a point, the new poll also had warning flags. His support was seven points lower than in the Iowa Poll taken in June, when he had finished second to Biden. When first and second choices were combined, Sanders finished fifth — trailing Biden, Harris and Warren by double digits, and Buttigieg by single digits.  

Buttigieg, the mayor of South Bend, Indiana, showed lower support than in June. Down eight points from the Iowa Poll, he finished fifth, at 6%.

A national poll taken by CNN after the debate and released Monday showed some trends similar to those in Iowa. Across the country, the Democratic race had tightened and Biden’s lead over the field had shrunk to five points, to 22%. Support for Harris and Warren had significantly increased, to 17% and 15%, respectively. Sanders was fourth at 14%.

Both the Iowa and national polls show the power of the televised debates to introduce lesser-known candidates to voters, helping them to break out of a big field. Even so, three of those who participated in the debates — New York Mayor Bill de Blasio, Ohio Rep. Tim Ryan and California Rep. Eric Swalwell — failed to attract a single supporter in the Iowa survey. 

Kamala Harris, who has spent only limited time campaigning in the state so far, surprised many viewers by how well she did. More than half of those who watched her debate said she did better than expected; fewer than 5% said she did worse than expected. By smaller margins, former Housing secretary Julian Castro, New Jersey Sen. Cory Booker, Warren and Buttigieg also significantly outdid expectations. 

Biden and Sanders were by far the biggest disappointments. By 5-1, 41%-8%, those who watched both nights of the debate said Biden did worse than they had expected. By 6-1, 23%-4%, those who watched both nights said Sanders did worse than expected.

The poll tried to explore Biden’s strengths and weaknesses.

  • Among those who support Biden, 88% said they would still vote for the Democratic candidate in the general election if he wasn’t the nominee. Five percent said they would vote for President Trump instead, four percent for a third party candidate. Biden has described himself as the Democratic contender who would be best able to win support from Trump voters and defeat the president’s bid for a second term. 
  • Among those who didn’t choose Biden as either their first or second choice, they tended to cite a feeling that his time had passed as the main reason. In response to an open-ended question, 15% mentioned his age or said they wanted someone younger; 7% said they wanted “fresh ideas;” another 7% said it was time to “pass the torch.” 

See all the details: Suffolk/USA TODAY Poll in Iowa

Biden has sometimes struggled to explain his actions during his 36 years as a U.S. senator from Delaware, including his handling as Judiciary Committee chairman of accusations of sexual misconduct by Anita Hill against Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas. During what may have been the most powerful moment of last week’s debate, Harris castigated him for his past opposition to school busing. He also has drawn fire for boasting about his ability in past decades to work with segregationist senators.  

Those surveyed said the most important issue affecting their support was health care, named by nearly three in 10. Other top issues included climate change, immigration and income inequality. Two issues that often determine presidential elections, the economy and national security, scored only in single digits. 

There was a relatively close divide on views of reparations for slavery, of making either payments to descendants of enslaved Africans or investments in aggrieved communities. Thirty-nine percent supported the idea; 43% opposed it.

Solid majorities said it was “very important” to them that Democrats nominate a presidential candidate who supports higher taxes on the very wealthy (64%) and Medicare-for-All (57%). And impeaching Trump? Four in 10, 41%, said that was “very important” to them.   

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